Pervasive computing based healthcare using body sensor networks

Introduction Prerequisites of the paper needs attention of the following concepts. “Wearable computing is will be the future technique” as quoted by Mark Weiser, the father of ubiquitous computing needs the technological aspect of Body Sensor Network (BSN) architecture for parameter monitoring in the drunken and medically affected strategy. This aims to set a standard for the development of common approach towards pervasive monitoring [1]. BSN is facing challenges in terms of monitoring patients (or) objects where they have never been monitored before. Pervasive based smart environment is growing drastically in the recent technology. Especially pervasive (self guiding) cars has attracted good number of researchers and intellectuals as more the 50% of the toll rate is due road accidents was reported [2]. The smart sensors helps in reasonably good prevention of the accident by the design of smart environment based car system. For every minute a person dies due to drunken drive activity which motivated the idea of introducing smart car. The smart cars have the intelligent computing system which is inbuilt and used for pervasive architecture. Wearable computing brings the power of a pervasive computing environment to a person by placing computing and sensory resources on the user in an unobtrusive way. These computers can be specialized and modular, like clothing. Unlike laptops or handheld computers, wearable computers offer many new models to interact beyond keyboards and touch screen, in a natural, intuitive way, such as sound and tactile feedback. In addition, wearable’s can easily be reconfigured to meet specific needs of applications [3]. Smart Environments Smart environments link computers to everyday settings and commonplace tasks. A smart environment is a small world where all kinds of smart devices continuously work to make inhabitants’ lives more comfortable. The most basic feature of smart environments is the ability to control devices remotely or automatically. Tremendous advances have been made in the development of sensor technology and in the ability of sensors to share information and make low-level decisions. As a result, environments can provide constant small adjustments based on sensor readings and can better customize behaviors to the nuances of the inhabitant surroundings [4-6]. Biosensors Biosensors convert the biological activity of the human body to electrical signal. In a biosensor the phenomenon is recognized by a biological system called a bio receptor, which is in direct contact with the sample and forms the sensitive component of the biosensor [7]. Biosensor has a wide number of applications in patient monitoring, measurement of metabolites, insulin therapy, the breath analyser is used for monitoring the odour of the object. Small wireless sensors attached to the patient body, measure vital sign of data, and transmit them through the established sensor network to an external observation unit. However, current sensor network solutions have to evolve to be suited for the medical domain, which requires flexible and safe set-up of the system as well as reliable, fail-safe operation. Today's sensor networks, mainly used for environmental monitoring, are either statically pre-configured for a certain task, or build as spontaneous ad-hoc networks. For medical usage, this system behavior is to be transformed to a reliable and defined system set-up, working automatically but nevertheless being under explicit control of a medical practioner [8]. Related works In this section, the state of the art concerning pervasive smart vehicles is investigated. The result of this section enhances a new methodology in smart pervasive vehicles. Medical monitoring practicing inside a car can contribute both to safety issues (supervision of driver fitness) as well as healthcare issues by vitals signs imperceptibly which is safety to the individuals as well as public[9,10]. A car-integrated medical sensor system could be capable of detecting such critical conditions and initiate appropriate measures ranging from drive interventions (e.g. safety auto pilot) to emergency services (e.g. car to car or car to emergency communication services, qualified ambulance call)[11]. Elixir Adoc Network 40 (2011) 5442-5446